-5%
Erythromycin blocks the translocation process, which stops microsomal protein synthesis in sensitive organisms. These organisms have specific binding to the 50S subunit or the 70S ribosome, but no binding to the stable 80S mammalian ribosome. Erythromycin is effective against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as mycoplasmas and chlamydia. Because the base of erythromycin is destroyed by acid, it is given in the form of a stable ester. The presence of food reduces the rate of absorption of the base and esters. In the gut, the stearate is hydrolyzed, and the free erythromycin is absorbed. Peak serum concentrations of 0.9 to 1.4 or 0.4 to 1.8 mg/ml, respectively, are achieved in 1 to 4 hours after an oral dose of 500 mg of the base of stearate. The serum half-life ranges from 1.2 to 4 hours. The half-life in oliguric patients is roughly 5 hours.
Erythromycin is broadly dispersed throughout bodily tissue and fluids, with some retention in the liver and spleen. Erythromycin base has a 73 percent protein binding rate. When the meninges become inflamed, erythromycin enters the cerebrospinal fluid. It also passes through the placenta and is secreted in breast milk. The unmodified active ingredient is excreted in substantial amounts in the bile, and 5 to 15% of the erythromycin dose is eliminated in the urine.
Eromycin DS is highly effective in the treatment of a wide variety of clinical infections, such as
- Upper respiratory tract infections: Tonsillitis, peritonsillar abscess, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, and secondary infections in cold and influenza.
- Lower respiratory tract infections: Tracheitis, acute and chronic bronchitis. Mycoplasma pneumonia (lobar pneumonia, bronchopneumonia, primary atypical pneumonia), bronchiectasis.
- Skin and soft tissue infections: Boils and carbuncles, paronychia, abscesses, pustular acne, impetigo, cellulitis, furunculosis, erythrasma.
- General infections: Non-specific urethritis, syphilis (if the patient is allergic to penicillin).
- Gastrointestinal infections: Cholecystitis, Staphylococcal enterocolitis, infectious diarrhea, & cholera.
- Ear and oral infections: otitis media and otitis externa, gingivitis, and dental abscesses.
- Prophylaxis: Pre-operative and post-operative, trauma, burns, and rheumatic fever.
- Other infections: Diphtheria, whooping cough.
