-5%
Empagliflozin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is also used to reduce the risk of cardiovascular death in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and established cardiovascular disease.
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition characterized by the body’s inability to properly utilize insulin. Individuals with type 2 diabetes either do not produce enough insulin or their body becomes resistant to the action of insulin. It is often referred to as adult-onset diabetes because it commonly develops in middle-aged or older adults, although it can occur at any age.
Symptoms of type 2 diabetes include:
- Increased thirst
- Frequent urination, especially at night
- Slow wound healing
- Increased hunger
- Fatigue
- Blurred vision
- Weight gain (in some cases) or weight loss (in rare cases)
Type 2 diabetes can lead to various complications, including:
- Neuropathy: Nerve damage leading to pain, numbness, or tingling sensations, usually in the hands and feet.
- Nephropathy: Kidney damage that can progress to kidney failure.
- Retinopathy: Damage to the retina of the eyes, potentially leading to vision loss or blindness.
- Peripheral vascular disease: Reduced blood flow to the limbs, which can result in infections and ultimately the need for amputation.
- Sexual dysfunction: Erectile dysfunction in men and reduced libido in both men and women.
- Increased risk of cardiovascular diseases: Type 2 diabetes significantly increases the risk of heart attack, stroke, and other cardiovascular conditions.
Management of type 2 diabetes typically involves lifestyle modifications such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, and weight management. Medications, including oral medications and insulin therapy, may also be prescribed to help control blood sugar levels. Monitoring blood sugar levels regularly and managing other risk factors such as high blood pressure and high cholesterol are essential in preventing complications associated with type 2 diabetes. Regular medical check-ups and adherence to treatment plans are crucial for effectively managing the condition and reducing the risk of complications.