-3%
Nitrofix, an organic nitrate, is a vasodilator that has effects on both arteries and veins. This is a metered dose spray containing Nitrofix. Nitrofix delivers Nitrofix (400 mcg per spray, 200 metered sprays) in the form of spray droplets under the tongue.
The principal pharmacological action of nitroglycerin is relaxation of vascular smooth muscle, producing a vasodilator effect on both peripheral arteries and veins, with more prominent effects on the latter. Dilation of the post-capillary vessels, including large veins, promotes peripheral pooling of blood and decreases venous return to the heart, thereby reducing left ventricular enddiastolic pressure (preload). Arteriolar relaxation reduces systemic vascular resistance and arterial pressure (afterload).
Nitroglycerin forms free radical nitric oxide (NO), which activates guanylate cyclase, resulting in an increase of guanosine 3’5’-monophosphate (cyclic GMP) in smooth muscle and other tissues. This eventually leads to dephosphorylation of myosin light chains, which regulates the contractile state in smooth muscle and results in vasodilation.
- Absorption: Nitroglycerin is rapidly absorbed and is often used in emergencies for this reason.
- Distribution: The volume of distribution of Nitroglycerin is 3 L/kg.
- Metabolism: Nitroglycerin is rapidly metabolized in the liver by hepatic enzymes to dinitrates and mononitrates.
- Elimination: Nitroglycerin is excreted by the renal route, primarily as the 2 di-nitro-metabolites.