-2%
Filgrastim is a recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) composed of 175 amino acids. It promotes the production, maturation, and activation of neutrophils from bone marrow progenitors, enhancing immune functions like phagocytosis and antibody-mediated cytotoxicity.
It is primarily cleared by the kidneys, with nonlinear pharmacokinetics—its clearance depends on serum levels and neutrophil count. Peak levels occur within 2 to 8 hours after administration, and subcutaneous bioavailability is approximately 60–70%.
Indications
1. Cancer Patients on Myelosuppressive Chemotherapy
Filastin helps reduce the risk of infection, such as febrile neutropenia, in patients with non-myeloid cancers who are receiving chemotherapy known to significantly lower neutrophil counts.
2. Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
It shortens the duration of neutropenia and fever during induction or consolidation chemotherapy in AML patients.
3. Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) Recipients
Filastin reduces both the length of neutropenia and associated complications (e.g., febrile neutropenia) in non-myeloid cancer patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy followed by BMT.
4. Severe Chronic Neutropenia (SCN)
Used to reduce the frequency and duration of neutropenia-related complications such as infections, fevers, and mouth ulcers in patients with congenital, cyclic, or idiopathic neutropenia.
5. Acute Radiation Syndrome
Improves survival rates in patients exposed to myelosuppressive doses of radiation by promoting neutrophil recovery.
6. HIV-Related Neutropenia
Used in advanced HIV patients to prevent or treat persistent neutropenia and reduce the risk of bacterial infections when other options are insufficient.